Tuesday, December 6, 2011

EDUCATION FOR SELF DEVELOPMENT - ppt


®                  EDUCATION AND
SELF DEVELOPMENT

®                  Higher Education
(Tertiary / College / University Education)
Enrolment Ratio
USA
80.90%
Canada
87.30%
Australia
79.80%
Finland
74.10%
UK
52.30%
France
51.00%
Norway
62.00%
Belgium
56.30%
New Zealand
62.60%
China
15.00%
India
7.00%

®                  Higher Education
UNIVERSITIES / POPULATION
Population
(in Crores)
Universities
USA
27.60
2466 (631 PU, 1835 PrU, 1081 PJC, 621 PrJC)
Japan
12.70
726 (87 NU, 86 PU, 553 PrU)
Germany
8.20
350
UK
5.98
125
Indonesia
21.70
1770 (57 PU, 1200 PrU)
Philipines
7.90
1495 (377 PU, 1118 PrU)
China
130.60
2000
India
110.00
342 (18 CU, 211 SU, 95 DU, 13 UNI, 5 SLU)

ISSUES / PROBLEMS
       Quality and relevance
       Access and equity
       Infrastructure and large number
       Bureaucratic control (power without expertise)
       Use of professional managers. We are in 50th place out of 53 countries studied
       45th position in competitiveness (1st is USA, 3rd Taiwan, 4th Singapore & 33rd China)*
                 *Global Competitiveness Report, 2004

OUR STRENGTH
       Rich heritage
       Were world leaders in
       Science and Technology: Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta, Bhaskara, Varahamira, Ramanujam, Raman, Bose. Counting: 1053 (Greek 106, West to 1012 tera)
       Education: Nalanda, Takshashila
       Health: Rural Health
       Business: Trade
       Best brains in the world
       Best institutions of higher learning
       We can do it
       Get over colonial hang-ups: Chains and shackles (rules & regulations, procedures & precedents), bureaucracy.

EDUCATION AND SUCCESS IN LIFE (USA studies)
       Reports of James Coleman (1966) and Daniel Moynihan (1965) on equality and achievement
       Socioeconomic level is more related to achievement rather than education
       Genes and IQ have relatively little effect on economic success
       School quality have little effect on achievement or on economic success
       Educational reform cannot bring economic or social equality
       Blacks and whites with equal test scores have very unequal occupational statuses and income
       Only political and economic changes bring greater equality (not through education)
       Success depends on varieties of luck and on the job competence (more of personality than technical skills) that are moderately related to family background, schooling or scores on tests

®  TOTAL PERSON:
        Head (intellect)
        Heart (Mind)
        Hand (Body)
        Higher (Soul)
®  IMAGE OF GODDESS OF  LEARNING
®  IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION
        Mono – Multi faculty universities
        Basic – Applied science
        Theory – Practical
        Holistic – Piecemeal
        Integrated - Divisive

        Pearls of Ancient Wisdom
Mundaka Upanishad
       Saunaka asks Angiras: Through what being known does all this become known?
       Reply: Dve vidye veditavye iti ha sma yad brahmavido vadanti, para caivapara ca (1.1.4)
       Two kinds of knowledge are to be known, as indeed, the knowers of Brahman declare – The Higher (spiritual) as well as The Lower (material / science)
       Tatrapara rg-vedo yajurvedah sama-vedo tharva-vedah siksa kalpo vyakaranam niruktam cando jyothisam-iti. Para yaya tad aksaram adhigamyate
       Of these, the lower is the Rg veda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda, the Athurveda. Phonetics, ritual, grammar,  etymology, metrics & astrology and the higher is that by which undecaying is apprehended.

®  Pearls of Ancient Wisdom            …continued
Isha Upanishad
       Andham tamah pravishanti yo’vidyam upasate tato bhuya iva tamo ya u vidyayam ratah -9- 
       Into blinding darkness enter those who worship science (aparavidya=avidya) only and those who delight in spirituality (paravidya) only enter into greater darkness
       Anayd eva-ahuh vidyaya, anyad-ahuh avidyaya iti susruma dhiranam ye nas dad vicacaksire -10-
       Spirituality has its own distinct purpose. Science also has its own, a different purpose. Thus we have heard from the brave explorers (of both realms) who explained all this to us.
       Vidyam ca avidyam ca yah tad veda ubhayam saha avidyaya mrtyum tirtva, vidyaya-amritam-asnute -11-
       One who masters both science and spirituality together, conquers death through science and tastes immortality through spirituality

       Pearls of Ancient Wisdom            …continued
Bhagavad Gita
       Bhumir apo nalo vayuh kham mano buddhir eva ca ahankara itiyam me bhinna praktitir astadha 7.4
       Earth, water, fire, air, ether, mind, intelligence and ego – all together these eight constitute my separate material nature
       Apareyam itas tu anyam prkrrtim viddhi me param jiva-bhutam maha-baho yayedam dharyate jagat 7.5
       Besides these, O’ mighty armed, there is another higher (spiritual) nature of mine which holds the whole universe
       Etad-yonini bhutani sarvan ity upadha raya aham krtsnasya jagatah prabhavah pralayas tatha 7.6
       All created beings have their source in these two natures. Of all that is material and all that is spiritual in this world, know for certain I am both the origin and the dissolution
       Mattah parataram nanyat kincid asti dhananjaya mayi sarvam idam protram sutre mani gana iva 7.7
       There is no truth superior to me, O’ conqueror of wealth everything rests on me as pearls are strung on a thread

Rationale:
       All beings have visible (apara) and invisible (para) nature
       Invisible is subtler, stronger, all pervasive, rich and nurturing
       Have access to invisible also before embarking on any activity

Be in tune with:
       Yoga-sthah kuru karmani (B.g 2.48) – perform your action in the state of union
       Yogah karmasu kausalam (B.g.2.50) – Yoga is skill in action
       Yogah cittavritti nirodha (Y.s.1.2) – Yoga is silencing mental activities
       Tada drashtuh svarupe avasthanam (Y.s.1.3) – Then the seer is established in his nature

Accessing the invisible part of reality:
       Yoga: Yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, prathyahara, dharana, dhyana, samadhiyah, ashtavangani
       Buddha-dhyana:
       Kayanu paschana – Observe the body
       Vedananu paschana – Observe the sensation
       Chittanu paschana – Observe the mind
       Dammanu paschana – Observe the Order

Model for living:
       Fight (western) vs Flow (eastern)
       Self gratification of needs vs serving others (paropakarah punyaya papaya parapedanam-Vyasa)
       Always connected to the whole
       Yovy bhooma tatsukham nalpe sukhamasti (Rg veda) – The large-hearted (big) is happy, not the petty
       Unfoldment of all that one can become (creative) happens when one engages / mingle / related to the whole / other – family, organization, community, region, nation, world, universe…
       Ayam nijah paro veti ganana laghu chetasam udaracharitanatu vasudhaiva kutumbakam (Hitopedesha) – Those who think ‘he is mine’ , ‘he is not’ are petty minded, those who are large-hearted regard the world as one family
®